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- GETHOSTBYNAME C Library Procedures GETHOSTBYNAME
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- NNAAMMEE
- gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent,
- endhostent, herror - get network host entry
-
- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- ##iinncclluuddee <<nneettddbb..hh>>
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- eexxtteerrnn iinntt hh__eerrrrnnoo;;
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- ssttrruucctt hhoosstteenntt **ggeetthhoossttbbyynnaammee((nnaammee))
- cchhaarr **nnaammee;;
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- ssttrruucctt hhoosstteenntt **ggeetthhoossttbbyyaaddddrr((aaddddrr,, lleenn,, ttyyppee))
- cchhaarr **aaddddrr;; iinntt lleenn,, ttyyppee;;
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- ssttrruucctt hhoosstteenntt **ggeetthhoosstteenntt(())
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- sseetthhoosstteenntt((ssttaayyooppeenn))
- iinntt ssttaayyooppeenn;;
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- eennddhhoosstteenntt(())
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- hheerrrroorr((ssttrriinngg))
- cchhaarr **ssttrriinngg;;
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- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- _G_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e and _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r each return a pointer to an
- object with the following structure describing an internet
- host referenced by name or by address, respectively. This
- structure contains either the information obtained from the
- name server, _n_a_m_e_d(8), or broken-out fields from a line in
- /_e_t_c/_h_o_s_t_s. If the local name server is not running these
- routines do a lookup in /_e_t_c/_h_o_s_t_s.
-
- struct hostent {
- char *h_name; /* official name of host */
- char **h_aliases; /* alias list */
- int h_addrtype; /* host address type */
- int h_length; /* length of address */
- char **h_addr_list; /* list of addresses from name server */
- };
- #define h_addr h_addr_list[0] /* address, for backward compatibility */
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- The members of this structure are:
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- h_name Official name of the host.
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- h_aliases A zero terminated array of alternate names for
- the host.
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- h_addrtype The type of address being returned; currently
- always AF_INET.
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- GETHOSTBYNAME C Library Procedures GETHOSTBYNAME
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- h_length The length, in bytes, of the address.
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- h_addr_list A zero terminated array of network addresses
- for the host. Host addresses are returned in
- network byte order.
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- h_addr The first address in h_addr_list; this is for
- backward compatiblity.
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- When using the nameserver, _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e will search for the
- named host in the current domain and its parents unless the
- name ends in a dot. If the name contains no dot, and if the
- environment variable ``HOSTALAIASES'' contains the name of
- an alias file, the alias file will first be searched for an
- alias matching the input name. See _h_o_s_t_n_a_m_e(7) for the
- domain search procedure and the alias file format.
-
- _S_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t may be used to request the use of a connected TCP
- socket for queries. If the _s_t_a_y_o_p_e_n flag is non-zero, this
- sets the option to send all queries to the name server using
- TCP and to retain the connection after each call to _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_-
- _b_y_n_a_m_e or _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r. Otherwise, queries are performed
- using UDP datagrams.
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- _E_n_d_h_o_s_t_e_n_t closes the TCP connection.
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- DDIIAAGGNNOOSSTTIICCSS
- Error return status from _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e and _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r is
- indicated by return of a null pointer. The external integer
- _h__e_r_r_n_o may then be checked to see whether this is a tem-
- porary failure or an invalid or unknown host. The routine
- _h_e_r_r_o_r can be used to print an error message describing the
- failure. If its argument _s_t_r_i_n_g is non-NULL, it is printed,
- followed by a colon and a space. The error message is
- printed with a trailing newline.
-
- _h__e_r_r_n_o can have the following values:
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- HOST_NOT_FOUND No such host is known.
-
- TRY_AGAIN This is usually a temporary error and
- means that the local server did not
- receive a response from an authorita-
- tive server. A retry at some later
- time may succeed.
-
- NO_RECOVERY Some unexpected server failure was
- encountered. This is a non-recoverable
- error.
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- NO_DATA The requested name is valid but does
- not have an IP address; this is not a
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- GETHOSTBYNAME C Library Procedures GETHOSTBYNAME
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- temporary error. This means that the
- name is known to the name server but
- there is no address associated with
- this name. Another type of request to
- the name server using this domain name
- will result in an answer; for example,
- a mail-forwarder may be registered for
- this domain.
-
- FFIILLEESS
- /etc/hosts
-
- SSEEEE AALLSSOO
- resolver(3), hosts(5), hostname(7), named(8)
-
- CCAAVVEEAATT
- _G_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t is defined, and _s_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t and _e_n_d_h_o_s_t_e_n_t are
- redefined, when _l_i_b_c is built to use only the routines to
- lookup in /_e_t_c/_h_o_s_t_s and not the name server.
-
- _G_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t reads the next line of /_e_t_c/_h_o_s_t_s, opening the
- file if necessary.
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- _S_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t is redefined to open and rewind the file. If the
- _s_t_a_y_o_p_e_n argument is non-zero, the hosts data base will not
- be closed after each call to _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e or _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r.
- _E_n_d_h_o_s_t_e_n_t is redefined to close the file.
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- BBUUGGSS
- All information is contained in a static area so it must be
- copied if it is to be saved. Only the Internet address for-
- mat is currently understood.
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